Heater and ventilator.



R. H. BRYAN. HEATER AND VENTILATOB.

APPLICATION FILED 33110, 1913.

2 SHEETS SHBET 1.

m Gin-MIC- Patented June 16,1914.

R.H.BR YAN. HEATER AND VENTILATOR. APPLIOATION FILED FEB. 10, 1913.

1,1-O0,1 18. Patented June 16,1914.-

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

COLUMBIA PIANOGRAPH c0., WASHINGTON, n. c.

ROBERT H. BRYAN, F LINN, MISSOURI.

HEATER AND VENTILATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 16, 1914.

Application filed February 10,1913. Serial in. 747,471;

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ROBERT H. BRYAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Linn,in the county of Osage and State of Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Heaters and Ventilators; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention is an air heater and ventilator, its primary object being to provide a device whereby fresh out-door air is drawn into a room and heated and discharged therein.

With this and other objects in view, the

invention consists in certain novel features of construction as heremafter more fully described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a perspective view of the invention. Fig.1 2 is a top plan view of the same; Fig. 3is a central vertical longitudinal section with the stove in side elevation and the drum partly broken away. Fig. 4 is a vertical cross section thereof taken on the line 44: of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a horizontal sectional view taken on 1ine55 of Fig. 3 and omit-1 ting the drum andstove. Fig. 6 is a detail perspective view of the lower end of one? of the angle iron corner bars and supporting legs of the device.

This invention is generally used in connection'with wood stoves such as are employed mostly in rural districts and perhaps in the schoolhouse. Ordinarily these stoves are box-like structures setting well out in the room and with the flue or smoke pipe carried upward and then into the chimney, and the fuel is wood in pieces of considerable size several of which are placed in the stove at a time. The result is that the latter gives off considerable heat when the fire is fresh, and much less heat when the fire is lowdiffering in this respect from the hopper-fed coal stoves or from those wherein means are provided to regulate the consumption of the fuel.

The purpose of this invention is to conserve the excessive heat which is generated when the fire is fresh and retain it in the room instead of permitting it to be passed 011' through the chimney, as well asto provvide means for ventilating the school room and yet doing so with air that is warm. .On

this understanding I have used the letter S to designate the stove whose body may be of any preferred shape, but usually has a flat top T and a hinged door H in its front end, and is supported by legs L upon a plate P which rests on the floor. Upon the top T is a tubular drum D supported at its front end by any suitable form of bracket B, and the smoke flue F rises through the top T and communicates with the annular smokespace A within the drum at the rear end of such space, then rises from the front end of the drum through the smoke flue F in communication with the space A at that point, so that the smoke has a free passage throughout the length of the drum around the open-ended bore 0 of said drum.

The numeral 1 designates a casing, preferably rectangular and oblong, open at its bottom and closed at its sides and ends, the entire structure being by preference made of sheet metal plates which are connected at the corners by angle iron bars 2 standing. up- .right and extending downwardbelow the body so as to constitute supporting legs of light or skeleton structure. The length of these legs is such that the body is supported with the lower end of its front just above the upperedge of the door H and the lower edges of its sides just below the stove top T as best seen in Fig. 1, whereby the major f portion of the sides of the stove S is exposed and there is sufficient opening between the two front legs to permit the door H to swing aside. This construction and proportion of parts is purposely adopted for the following reason. When a wood stove is heated by the burning of a charge of fresh fuel, its upright sides and ends radiate heat in waves which naturally flow outward from the stove and simultaneously rise slightly; but its top is heated to a considerably greater extent by the flames rising from the fuel, and there fore this top radiates more and warmer waves which rise from it and flow laterally to some extent into the apartment. The precise disposition of the side plates of the body is therefore made for the purpose of having the lower edges trap a portion of the waves which are radiated from the sides of the stove and practically all the waves which are radiated from 'thetop, and pass them upward for subsequent use as will yet be described, and the front plate of the body of the thereof and with an opening 17 formed in is purposely made to terminate as low as possible and yet permit the door Hto swing aside. Therefore, the children or others within the apartment may sit close to the stove even while the latter is working at capacity, and will not be uncomfortable; but it will be seen from'what follows in this specification that the waves of heat thus radiated are utilized to warm the room. The upper edges of the sides of the body 1 preferably incline slightly from the rear to the front end thereof and the upper'edg'e's of the sides and ends of the body as well as the lower edges thereof have secured thereto metal binding strips 3 whereby the edges are reinforced and braced. The rear portion of the top of the body is closed by a cover piece 4 which terminates at a point a suitable distance from the front end of the body thereby forming in the top of the forward end of the body an air discharging opening 5 through which the flue F also passes.

Connected with the rear end of the body 1 is a fresh air conducting pipe 6 which extends outwardly through the wall of the building and opens at its outer end into the outside atmosphere. The outer end of the pipe 6 is provided with flanges 7 and 8 which engage the inner and outer sides of the wall of the building and fasten the end of the pipe '7 therein, as well 'as forming a tight closure for any cracks or spaces which may exist around the pipe. The outer end pipe 6 is provided with a valve plate 9 which is preferably hinged at its upper edge to the upper edge of the flange 8 and is adapted to be swung 'eutwardly and upwardly to open the end ef the pipe to a greater "or less extent and which may-be swung downwardly into engagement with the end of the pipe to entirely close the same. suitable means may be provided for holding the "valve plate o en to the desired extent, said plate being here shown as having pivot'all'y connected to its inner side a segmental rack bar 10 which is adapted to be engaged with a suitable detent 11 arranged in the end of the pipe as shown. The pipe 6 'is' 'also provided with a damper 12 arranged therein intermediate its ends and provided with a suitable handle 13 whereby the same may be adjusted to permit more or less outside air to pass through the pipe into the body 1. I also preferably provide means for moistening the air drawn into and discharged therefrein, said means ee ip ising a small pan 14 in the forin of a drawer whi-eh is 'slidably engaged with an opening 15 fermed in the outer side of a drawer su portin casing 16 secured to the front end ef the body 1 near the lewer edge the end of the body as clearly shown in Figs. 3 and 5 bf the drawings. When thus arranged the inner end of the drawer or pan 14 will project a suitable distance into the body to permit the water to evaporate from the pan into the heated air. The pan or drawer 14 is provided on its outer end with a suitable handle 18 whereby the same may be readily removed and replaced. 7 j The upper edge of the cover 4 of the body is braced and reinforced by an angle iron binding strip 19 which is secured to the binding strips of the upper edges of the sides of the body. The lower ends of the leg portions of the angle iron corner bars 2 have secured thereto triangular caps 20 in the bottom plates of which may be formed apertures '21 to receive fastening devices whereby the legs of the device are fastened to the plate.

In winter or in colder seasons the plate 9 may be adjusted so as to restrict the inlet of fresh air from the outside, and at all times the damper 12 may be adjusted quickly so as to cut off what air is admitted by the plate. The consumption of fuel within the stove S takes up a certain amount of air within the room and passes it out the flue F, and this air is of course drawn from the lower portion of the room because it enters the stove near the floor line. Ordinarily warm air at the top of the room descends to take the place of that thus withdrawn, and fresh air to take its place is drawn in around the windows and doors. By the use of this invention fresh air is drawn in through the pipe 6 from the outside atmosphere, heated by the upper portion of the stove S, the drum D, and the flue F, and passed through the opening 5 into the room to take the place of the 'vitiat'ed air within the room and 'on its way inward from the outside atmosphere this fresh air is heated. But attention is directed to the fact that the heat imparted to this fresh and usually cold air is taken mostly from the drum and flue, and very little from the stoveja's the body 1 surrounds only the upper portion of the latter. Therefore the lower portions of the sides of the stove are exposed for the radiation of their heat directly into the room as usual. and of course the front door of the stove must not be covered at all if it be a wood stove or if free access is desired to the interior of the stove. I

Another point of advantage which this device possesses is that it is practically impossible for anything to fall onto the stove or the drum and become burnt. Obviously the body 1 prevents the clothing or the person of adult or child from 'gett-in onto the stove, and as the draft is upwar' through the opening 5 there is little likelihood that any dust within the room will settle on these parts. It follows that the disposition of the body 1 above and completely around the flue and around only the upper portion of the stove has, therefore, a double advantage, as just explained.

From the foregoing description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, the construction and operation of the invention will be readily understood without requiring a more extended explanation.

Various changes in the form, proportion and the minor details of construction may be esorted to without departing from the principle or sacrificing any of the advantages OI the invention as claimed.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. The combination with a stove, a tubular drum disposed horizontally above said stove, a smoke-flue rising from the rear end of the latter and communicating with the interior of the drum, and a second smoke flue rising from the forward end of said drum, of a hollow body surrounding only the upper portion of the stove and completel inclosing the drum, the rear wall of said ody having a fresh air inlet opening adjacent the rear end of the drum and the top of such body having a fresh air outlet opening through which the last-named flue projects, means for controlling the admission of fresh air, and a skeleton structure supporting the body in position and exposing the sides of the stove, for the purpose set forth.

2; The combination with a stove, a tubular drum disposed horizontally above said stove and having concentric walls forming an annular space. closed at its ends, a smoke-flue rising from the rear end of the stove and communicating with the interior of said space, and a second smoke flue communicating with said space and risin from the forward end of said drum; of a ollow body surrounding only the upper portion of the stove and completely inclosing but spaced from the drum, the rear wall of said body having a fresh air inlet openin adjacent the rear end of the drum and t e top of such body having a fresh air outlet opening through which the last-named flue .projects, and means for supporting the body in position and exposin the sides of the stove, for the purpose set orth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ROBERT H. BRYAN,

Witnesses:

THERON CARNEs, A. V. MASON.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, .D. 0." 

